What is Diamine Oxidase (DAO)?
Introduction
Research indicates that around 80% of cases of histamine intolerance are caused by a deficiency of an enzyme called diamine oxidase, also known as DAO. So what is DAO? Where does it come from, and what can you do if you’re DAO deficient?
What is DAO?
Diamine oxidase, or DAO, is an enzyme that is naturally produced in our digestive system. It is produced to help regulate histamine levels in our body, especially helping to metabolise ingested histamines found in food and drink. Remember, histamine is also produced in the human body, and support a number of vital functions including the secretion of gastric acid, regulation of cognitive function, and repelling foreign irritants in the body (think pollen in the springtime).
While histamine serves that important function, DAO is what helps keep histamine levels in check, ensuring that the body does not develop an excess of histamine levels.
Where can a deficiency of DAO come from?
For most people that have a histamine intolerance, the cause is a deficiency in DAO, meaning you end up with an overabundance of histamine in the body.
This deficiency can be genetic or related to other gut health issues, but can also be caused by a range of other environmental factors. Increased stress levels can release cortisol which blocks the creation of DAO in the stomach, while some medications including ibuprofen and aspirin can also cause fluctuations in DAO activity. It is also quite common for women going through menopause to develop histamine intolerance, as increased oestrogen levels can impact creation of DAO in the gut.
If you believe that you might have a histamine intolerance, you can arrange a call with one of our trusted nutritional experts.
What can I do if I'm DAO deficient?
As DAO is an enzyme that the body produces, it is possible to make up for a lack of natural DAO, by taking DAO supplements. At Tolerance, we have a DAO supplement called Aperitif, found here. It's designed to be taken prior to ingesting histamine rich food or drink. One capsule taken 15-20 minutes before your meal can help with the digestion of histamine.
Remember, supplements should be taken as part of a balanced diet, and if you’re histamine intolerant you should also look to manage your intake of ingested histamines.